THE TREATMENT OF VALGUS FEET IN A CHILD

The treatment of valgus feet in children between the ages of 1 year and a bit older, leading to a favourable prognosis — the likelihood of the complete solution of the problem approaches 100%.

Among the orthopedic diseases in children the change of foot is the most common pathology. Represents the curvature of the lower limb in the inner side. Develops under the influence of different external and internal factors. The shape of the foot: the shifted axis, the heel looks to the outside, on the inner surface of the foot inward, deformed fingers. When tightly compressed knees distance between ankles is 4-5 cm

When discovered late, advanced cases of the disease in adolescence, who have problems with the spine. Later treatment is started, it is less likely to be full recovery.

THE FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF HALLUX VALGUS IN A CHILD

Deformation of foot in children is a congenital anomaly or acquired disease. In all cases, it is the wrong location of the stop relative to each other. Changes lead to the fact that the main load when walking, falls on the inner surface of the foot. The presence of symptoms in children up to 3 years write about the changes in the stage of pregnancy. The diagnosis is made by an orthopedic surgeon after a thorough review.

Factors that are an incentive for the development of the pathology include:

• the lack of food.
• a wrong diet;
• lack of vitamins and minerals in the body (lack of calcium and/or vitamin D), leading to brittleness and softness of the bone tissue;
• early standing the child on their feet;
• mismatched shoes;
• often acute infection;
• injured ankle;
• prolonged immobility of the lower extremities due to being in plaster.

If a child begins early to walk (up to 1 year), or is forced to, parents, in many cases, the foot is deformed. At an early age is the formation of ties, which often are not ready to load.

THE CAUSES OF FORMATION OF HALLUX VALGUS FOOT

Congenital malformations of the musculoskeletal system of children — a strain that develops during pregnancy in the mother that occur after giving birth. The degree of curvature in the case of congenital hallux valgus is very pronounced. This is due to the various defects of the individual elements of the musculoskeletal system, changes in genes or chromosomes. Fracture of the bones of the foot and their form in the womb. The deformation of the stop is already clear in the first months after the onset of the child into the world.

An example is the genetic disorder Edwards syndrome – abnormality of a specific chromosome, which is found heavy the degree of the curvature of the foot is newborn stop rocking.

Other causes of congenital valgus foot, the children used a number of diseases, which were identified in the first weeks of life:

• in 80% of cases of connective tissue dysplasia with congenital hip injuries;
• myodystrophy;
• cerebral palsy;
• polio and other infections of the Central nervous system;
• neuropathy – pathology of the peripheral nerves.

The acquired form is the result of exposure to one or more factors after birth. Initially, the main reason is the weak apparatus of the foot, which is a violation of its correct position. This condition is diagnosed in the first days after birth. On the development of the pathology can be affected by:

• premature or born with small body mass;
• excess body weight in children;
• endocrine pathology (diabetes, hypothyroidism);
• metabolic diseases (osteoporosis, diseases of the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism).

VISIBLE SIGNS OF PATHOLOGY

Foot pain at the end of the day, – the most common complaint of a child with a deformity. Objectively the pathology shows the following common characteristics:

• unstable walking, walking from side to side;
• education on the sole blisters;
• constantly separate the fingers;
• the problem when you try to put your heels together.

Determine the three types of diseases:

1. Cross-leg extension with the expressed tension of muscles and tendons responsible for straightening the fingers. This causes the child pain.
2. Longitudinal — shows change in behaviour, the design of the shoe (if palpation is severe pain), fatigue from a long stay on the feet due to the discomfort and pain.
3. Combo.

Developed mainly two types of deformation:

• X-form (direct, tight knee, the distance between the inner surfaces between the ankles is greater than 5 cm, the legs, as if looking outside);
• varus – O-shaped.

THE RATE OF DEVELOPMENT AND SEVERITY OF THE DISEASE

There are four stages of disease:

• I — a mild form of the disease characterized by a deformity of the foot not more than 15°, are well treated;
• II. phase — curvature of up to 20°, is used for therapeutic treatment;
• III the rate of — deformation up to 30°, require long intensive therapy;
• Stage IV — severe – deviation from the norm is more like 30°.

PATHOLOGY OF THE BIG TOE

Deformity of the big toe, can pathology. The curvature of the first toe depends on the scale of pathology. Correction of the bone is performed with the use of:

• physical therapy;
• the installation of the orthoses;
• the method of administration.

THAN AND HOW TO TREAT?

Correction of changes of the feet in children includes the restoration of the normal position of the joints, muscles and ligaments of the feet. The goal of treatment is the possibility of walking without pain and discomfort. Therapy must be comprehensive. For the treatment of valgus of the foot the child uses:

• conservative;
• operational;
• an alternative method (osteopathy – helps to cure almost everything, except for genetic causes, pathology).

Conservative includes:

• of medicinal products;
• kinesiotherapy;
• orthotics;
• physiotherapy.

MEDICINES

Drugs in the X-shaped breach of the lower extremities are used to relieve inflammation and pain in the joints. In the Nsaid (nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) or corticosteroids awarded with the symptomatic aim. The short-term, dangerous for children side effects.

NEW TECHNIQUES

Modern treatment is kinesiotherapy is an innovative method for the treatment and prevention of diseases of the musculoskeletal system. Based on the effects on the muscles by using a special strap – kinesiotherapy. The name of the method, the made of two words: "kinesiot" means movement, "teip" – the actual tape. Use a strap of elastic material, adhesives, it does not cause allergies. Method teip developed a few years ago a Japanese doctor Kenzo KASE for the treatment of sports injuries. In the future, is very widespread. Kinesiotherapy with hallux valgus in children is often used in recent years. This is due to the safety methods: if used without restriction of movement, discomfort, who do not have allergies.

Fabric, from which is made teip:

• this is the structure of the fibres;
• good air permeability;
• does not absorb sweat;
• does not cause pain or discomfort;
• does not hinder movement;
• not afraid of water – you can swim without removing the tape.

Proper bonding of teip speed up the recovery of joints, ligaments, and muscles without the use of drugs that can stop the progression of the pathological changes. This safe method helps:

• the cessation of the pain;
• to prevent further progression of the disease;
• complete healing.

The rules of kinesiotherapy:

• teip applies only to clean, dry skin;
• with prolonged use kinesiotype need the edges of that round;
• after sticking teip floor, switch it on.

MASSAGE ACTION

In the flat arch of the feet changes in the muscle tissue, which leads to disruption of blood circulation, and in the future development of the irreversible process. Therefore, massage is a necessary part of the treatment. This is one of the physiotherapeutic methods of influence. Special knowledge and skills for its implementation is not needed, so that you can make at home. The course is 10 sessions, if necessary, it is recommended to repeat every 3-4 months. The total time for one session is 20-30 minutes. We need to start with a General massage – baby lying on tummy with outstretched along the body, palms and turned sideways with his head. Movement and hand pressure must hurt.

Baby massage:

• back;
• the lumbar region;
• the buttocks;
• the muscles and joints of the feet, legs.

Use the following methods:

• stroking;
• rubbing;
• kneading;
• Pat;
• blowing the back of his hands;
• pinching;
• shake.

The use of massage must:

• to eliminate the increased tone of the muscles of the foot and lower leg;
• to help get rid of unnecessary stress;
• strengthen the weak muscles, which contributes to the orderly part of the whole muscular system;
• to improve the blood flow in the muscles, ligaments, bones – strengthens his power, and normalizes the growth and development of the lower extremities;
• to treat the pathology in the early stages.

Child in less than 2 weeks this way eliminate the most serious health problems, including hip dysplasia. In this case, structural therapy is a specially developed technique of spot and vibration massage. With their help, redistributed the loads to the joints. Feedback – improve blood circulation and disappearance of pain.

PHYSICAL therapy

The use of physical therapy in the hallux valgus in children, that allows to correct disturbances in the joints and treatment of the disease in an early stage. Often used:

• foot bath;
• wrap stop wax;
• electrophoresis of calcium;
• amplipulse therapy(effects on the body of the sinusoidal currents generated by the apparatus Amplipulse);
• wearing the right shoes;
• therapeutic swimming;
• physiotherapy;
• the magnetic therapy.

A PLEASANT AND USEFUL GYMNASTICS

In the early stages of the deformity the child is treated with specific exercises. Their regular use helps to correct almost all the disorders in the joints. Elements of medical gymnastics you have to perform every day. The purpose of the physical therapy course individually, depends on the deformation. Included elements of the game that the child can carry objects several times.

Daily needs:

• walking on tiptoe and heels (first raised, and then compressed toes) for 5 minutes;
• compression and decompression of the leg, sitting on the floor with the legs extended;
• pick up small objects;
• walking barefoot on uneven surfaces (this can be done at home on the gravel and pebbles ), on the outer edge of the foot;
• roll the foot roller or a small ball of wood;
• rotate the foot from left to right and vice versa;
• squat without lifting feet on the ground.

The child needs:

• walking through the narrow paths – this can be made at home from fabric or just draw;
• walk the curb on the street, and in the summer, barefoot in the soil, sand, grass.

APPROPRIATE FOOTWEAR IN THE TREATMENT VERY IMPORTANT

Mismatched shoes over time can deform the foot and bend of the thumb. The quality of the shoes contributes to the normal development of the muscles of the foot. When is selected, you need to consider:

• compliance with the foot size, comfort and comfort;
• manufacturer of natural materials;
• there is no sharp nose and the heel of the Shoe for a teenager.

Proper shoes must have a closed rigid heel arch support. Not be prolonged wearing sandals without heel is limited.

For the treatment of foot recommends specific orthopedic devices

• insole;
• retainer;
• bandage;
• bus.

TO WALK OR NOT TO WALK BAREFOOT?

The best prevention of problems with your feet — walking barefoot. This must be done not only on a level surface (floor), but also on rough terrain. If there is no opportunity for the child to run along the ground, grass, and various bumps, an alternative is the Swedish wall, which parents can buy and mount in the kindergarten child. It works on the muscles and the ligaments of the foot while climbing on it. Recommended for walks barefoot children's carpets with the convex elements, which can be bought in baby store or the orthopedic salon.

WHEN SURGICAL TREATMENT IS NECESSARY?

The treatment of club-foot in children is owned by a conservative. The radical measure is used when there is no effect of the treatment of older children, where the basis of the musculoskeletal system, which is formed, there is no active growth of the ties. Surgical correction consists of several phases, surgery and a long rehabilitation period, is held on the fourth stage of the disease, when:

• severe pain in the foot constantly worried;
• develops rigidity (stiffness) of the joint.

Directly surgery lot. Therefore, the operation is planned on the basis of the degree of disease of the foot, the presence of the deviation of the angle of the limb.

THE POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES OF HALLUX VALGUS IN CHILDREN

Painful feet lead to a change in the whole of the musculoskeletal apparatus. This is due to the uneven load. Appearances:

• shortening or deformity of the foot;
• osteochondrosis;
• scoliosis at different spine.

Children:

• worse walking;
• it becomes impossible for physical activity (Jogging, active games) due to pain and inflammation in the joints.